Microbes in Human Welfare NEET Test: Master Biology for NEET 2025
📚 Introduction: Microbes in Human Welfare NEET Test
The Microbes in Human Welfare NEET Test is a comprehensive quiz designed to help NEET aspirants strengthen their understanding of this crucial biology chapter. The Microbes in Human Welfare topic covers a wide array of concepts related to the beneficial uses of microbes in industries, agriculture, medicine, and environmental management. This quiz not only tests your knowledge but also prepares you for the NEET 2025 examination by offering multiple-choice questions (MCQs) that align with the latest NEET syllabus.
Microbes, though microscopic, play a macroscopic role in our lives. They are pivotal in the production of antibiotics, biofertilizers, biopesticides, and biogas. Understanding these concepts is vital for NEET Biology as questions from this chapter often appear in the exam.
🌟 Why Take the Microbes in Human Welfare NEET Test?
The Microbes in Human Welfare NEET Test offers a platform to assess your preparedness for the NEET exam. The test includes:
Chapter-Specific MCQs: Focused on microbial roles in industry, agriculture, and medicine.
Previous Year Questions (PYQs): Practice real NEET questions from past exams.
Detailed Explanations: Each answer comes with clear explanations, helping you learn from mistakes.
Performance Analysis: Identify strengths and weaknesses to focus on targeted revision.
🧬 Key Topics Covered in Microbes in Human Welfare NEET Test
This test covers all important subtopics, including:
Antibiotic Production: Understand how penicillin and other antibiotics are produced using microbes.
Biofertilizers and Biopesticides: Learn how microbes support sustainable agriculture by promoting plant growth and controlling pests.
Microbes in Industry: From fermentation in food production to enzyme manufacturing, microbes play a crucial role.
Biogas Production: Explore the role of anaerobic bacteria in waste management and energy generation.
Environmental Management: How microbes assist in sewage treatment and bioremediation.
📊 Take the Microbes in Human Welfare NEET Test
Ready to test your knowledge? Take our Microbes in Human Welfare NEET Test now! This quiz includes:
20+ Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) based on NCERT and PYQs.
Real-time Feedback: Get immediate insights into your performance.
Difficulty Levels: Questions range from basic to advanced, catering to all learners.
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📈 How to Prepare for Microbes in Human Welfare for NEET 2025?
To excel in this chapter and ace the NEET exam, follow these tips:
Thoroughly Read NCERT: Most NEET questions are NCERT-based, so focus on all examples and highlighted points.
Make Short Notes: Create flashcards or summaries of key concepts like antibiotics, biofertilizers, and biogas production.
Regular Revision: Go over your notes and study material frequently to retain information.
Practice Previous Year Questions: This will help you understand the exam pattern and important topics.
Take Mock Tests: The Microbes in Human Welfare NEET Test on capsuleeducation.in is a great way to evaluate your preparation.
💡 Interesting Facts About Microbes in Human Welfare
Penicillin, the first antibiotic, was discovered by Alexander Fleming through a mold called Penicillium notatum.
Rhizobium bacteria help in nitrogen fixation, enhancing soil fertility.
Methanogens, a type of microbe, are instrumental in biogas production from organic waste.
❓ FAQs: Microbes in Human Welfare NEET Test
1. How many questions from Microbes in Human Welfare are expected in NEET?
Generally, 1-2 questions appear in the NEET biology section, often focusing on applications of microbes.
2. Is NCERT enough for Microbes in Human Welfare?
Yes, NCERT is sufficient, but practicing MCQs and PYQs will enhance your exam readiness.
3. What are the key topics to focus on for NEET?
Focus on antibiotic production, biofertilizers, biogas production, and waste management techniques using microbes.
🔗 Related NEET Chapter Tests:
Biotechnology and Its Applications Test
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Quiz
Cell Cycle and Cell Division Practice MCQs
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Results
#1. Streptokinase is a medicinal enzyme that is used to:
Answer: (2) dissolve blood clots in blood vessels.
Explanation: Streptokinase is used to break down fibrin in blood clots, a key treatment for conditions like heart attacks or strokes.
#2. Which of the following benefits are associated with mycorrhizae? (a) Protection against root-borne pathogens (b) Enhanced tolerance to salinity and improved phosphorus absorption (c) Increased resistance to drought (d) Overall growth and development of plants is boosted
Answer: (4) All of these
Explanation: Mycorrhizae provide various benefits to plants, including resistance to root-borne pathogens, tolerance to salinity and drought, and an overall increase in plant growth and development.
#3. Which of the following statement is incorrect with respect to pectinases?
Answer: (3) They are obtained from Byssochlamysfulva.
Explanation: Pectinases are typically obtained from fungi such as Aspergillus or Trichoderma species, not Byssochlamysfulva.
#4. What is the mode of bacterial resistance against antibiotics?
Answer: (4) All of these
Explanation: Bacteria can develop resistance through various mechanisms, including mutations, alteration of the cell membrane, and the production of a mucilaginous layer that prevents the drug from entering the cell.
#5. The large holes in Swiss cheese are due to CO2 production by which microbe?
Answer: (3) Propionibacterium shermanii
Explanation: Propionibacterium shermanii produces CO2 during fermentation, which forms the characteristic holes in Swiss cheese.
#6. Which of the following statements are false? (a) Word antibiotic is a misnomer. Anti is a Greek word that means against life (in the context of disease-causing organisms) whereas with reference to human beings they are pro-life and not against. (b) Flocs are masses of bacteria with interwoven fungal filaments forming mesh-like structures. (c) Components in biogas are carbon dioxide (CO2, 25–35%), hydrogen (H2, 1–5%), nitrogen (N2, 2–7%) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S, traces).
Answer: (3) All of these
Explanation:
- Statement (a) is true: The term “antibiotic” is indeed a misnomer because it means “against life,” but antibiotics are pro-life in the context of controlling harmful microorganisms.
- Statement (b) is false: Flocs are not a combination of fungal filaments and bacteria; they are bacterial masses.
- Statement (c) is correct: The components of biogas include CO2, H2, and H2S in the specified amounts.
#7. Given below are two statements (a) – (b) each with one or more blanks. Select the option which correctly fills the blanks in the statements. Statements: (a) Statins produced by the yeast ___________ have been commercialized as blood cholesterol-lowering agents. (b) ______ contains insecticidal crystal proteins thurioside, which is a stomach poison and highly insect-specific.
Answer: (1) (a) – Monascus purpureus; (b) – Bacillus thuringiensis
Explanation: Monascus purpureus is used to produce statins, which lower blood cholesterol. Bacillus thuringiensis produces insecticidal proteins, including thurioside, used as a biopesticide.
#8. Before disposal of municipal wastewater and sewage, they are treated in STP in order to make it less polluting. The stage of treatment which comprises use of anaerobic sludge digester is
Answer: (2) secondary.
Explanation: The anaerobic sludge digester is typically used during the secondary treatment of wastewater to break down organic matter and reduce the sludge.
#9. Which of the following statements about mycorrhizal fungi is false?
Answer: (1) Mycorrhizae increase susceptibility to diseases.
Explanation: Mycorrhizae actually help plants resist diseases by forming a protective barrier around the roots and by stimulating plant defense mechanisms.
#10. What is the composition of the biogas?
Answer: (3) Methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen
Explanation: Biogas typically consists of methane, carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases like hydrogen.
#11. Which one of the following statements is false? (a) Cyanobacteria are autotrophic microbes widely distributed in aquatic and terrestrial environments. (b) Anabaena, Nostoc and Oscillatoria are photosynthetic oxygenic nitrogen fixers. (c) BGA can increase rice production. (d) BGA adds organic matter to the soil and increases its fertility. (e) In our country, biofertilizers are not available commercially in the markets for farmers.
Answer: (1) Only (e)
Explanation: Biofertilizers, including cyanobacteria (BGA), are available commercially in India to improve soil fertility and increase crop production.
#12. Trichoderma has been proved as a useful microorganism for
Answer: (1) biological control of soil-borne plant pathogens.
Explanation: Trichoderma is commonly used for biological control of soil-borne plant diseases and as a biocontrol agent for improving plant health.
#13. Fill in the blanks: (a) The bioactive molecule ______ is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ transplant patients. It is produced by the fungus ___________. (b) Primary treatment of sewage involves the physical removal of small and large particles through ______.
Answer: (2) (a) – cyclosporin A, Trichoderma polysporum; (b) – filtration and sedimentation
Explanation: Cyclosporin A is produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum, and sewage treatment involves both filtration and sedimentation to remove solid particles.
#14. Primary treatment of sewage waste involves which of the following processes?
Answer: (3) Filtration and sedimentation
Explanation: Primary treatment typically involves filtration to remove large solids and sedimentation to settle out smaller particles.
#15. Baculoviruses are/have
Answer: (1) pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods.
Explanation: Baculoviruses are used as pathogens to specifically target insects and other arthropods, with minimal impact on other species.
#16. Which of the following statements are correct about biofertilizers? (a) All cyanobacteria are nitrogen fixers. (b) The main sources of biofertilizers are bacteria, fungi, and cyanobacteria. (c) Azospirillum and Azotobacter are symbiotic nitrogen fixers. (d) Microbes like bacteria and fungi can be cultured on nutritive media but cannot be seen with the naked eye.
Answer: (4) Only (a) is wrong
Explanation: Not all cyanobacteria are nitrogen fixers, though many are. The other statements are true.
#17. The Ministry of Environment and Forest has initiated the Ganga Action Plan and Yamuna Action Plan (a) to save these major rivers of our country from pollution. (b) to build a large number of sewage treatment plants. (c) to check that only treated sewage is discharged in the river.
Answer: (4) All are correct
Explanation: The Ganga Action Plan and Yamuna Action Plan aim to clean and rejuvenate these rivers by controlling pollution, building sewage treatment plants, and ensuring that only treated sewage is discharged into
#18. Which of the following statements are incorrect about microbes in food production and health? (a) Dough for dosa and idli is fermented by fungi and algae. (b) Toddy is made by fermenting palm sap. (c) The large holes in Swiss cheese are due to methane production by Propionibacterium shermanii. (d) LAB in the stomach help control disease-causing microbes. Which two statements are incorrect?
Answer: (1) (a) and (c)
Explanation: Dosa and idli dough is fermented by bacteria, not fungi or algae. Additionally, large holes in Swiss cheese are due to CO2 production, not methane.
#19. Which one of the following is an example of carrying out biological control of pests/disease using microbes?
Answer: (1) Trichoderma sp. against certain plant pathogens
Explanation: Trichoderma species are used in biological control of plant pathogens.
#20. An important yeast, often referred to as baker’s yeast, is central to food production and was the first unicellular eukaryotic organism to have its entire genome sequenced. This yeast is:
Answer: (4) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Explanation: Saccharomyces cerevisiae is widely used in baking and brewing. It was the first eukaryotic genome to be sequenced, making it significant in genetics and biotechnology.
#21. Which of the following statements is true about biofertilizers and microorganisms? (a) All cyanobacteria are nitrogen-fixing organisms. (b) Biofertilizers mainly consist of bacteria, fungi, and cyanobacteria. (c) Azospirillum and Azotobacter are non-symbiotic nitrogen fixers. (d) Microbes like bacteria and fungi can form visible colonies on nutrient media but are too small to be seen with the naked eye
Answer: (3) (a), (c) and (d) are wrong
Explanation: Not all cyanobacteria fix nitrogen, and Azospirillum and Azotobacter are non-symbiotic nitrogen fixers, meaning they don’t form associations with plants. Microbes are often too small to be seen without a microscope.
#22. BOD can be defined as
Answer: (3) amount of O2 consumed if all the organic matter in one litre of water is oxidized by bacteria.
Explanation: BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) measures the oxygen consumed by bacteria while decomposing organic material in water.
#23. Which statement about mycorrhizae is incorrect?
Answer: (3) Plant partners also show resistance to herbicides.
Explanation: While mycorrhizal associations confer many benefits like disease resistance and drought tolerance, they do not generally provide resistance to herbicides.
#24. Choose the correct option regarding the following two statements: (a) Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) convert milk into curd. (b) LAB create an acidic environment that helps coagulate and digest milk proteins. Which of the following is true?
Answer: (1) Both statements (a) and (b) are true
Explanation: LAB play an essential role in curdling milk by producing lactic acid, which acidifies the milk and helps coagulate the proteins.
#25. Which of the following beliefs would an organic farmer disagree with?
Answer: (2) Insects called pests should be controlled by chemical insecticides and pesticides.
Explanation: Organic farmers avoid chemical pesticides and instead rely on natural pest control methods and biodiversity.
#26. Statins work by:
Answer: (2) competitive inhibition of the enzyme responsible for cholesterol synthesis.
Explanation: Statins inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, the enzyme involved in the production of cholesterol, by competitively blocking its active site.
#27. In a sewage treatment plant, primary treatment is
Answer: (2) a physical process which involves both filtration and sedimentation.
Explanation: Primary treatment is a physical process that involves filtering large solids and allowing smaller particles to settle through sedimentation.
#28. Which of the following statements is incorrect about mycorrhizae?
Answer: (3) The plant symbionts show resistance to herbicides
Explanation: Mycorrhizae enhance plant health but do not directly confer resistance to herbicides.
#29. Given below are two statements (a) – (b) each with one or more blanks. Select the option which correctly fills the blanks in the statements. Statements: (a) Microbes consume the major part of organic matter in the effluent and reduce ________ of sewage. (b) Certain bacteria which grow anaerobically on cellulosic material produce large amounts of methane along with CO2 and H2. The bacteria are commonly called __________ and one such common bacterium is ____________.
Answer: (3) (a) – biochemical oxygen demand; (b) – methanogens, Methanobacterium
Explanation: Microbes reduce the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in sewage by decomposing organic matter. Methanogens are anaerobic bacteria that produce methane, and Methanobacterium is a common example.
#30. All are correct with respect to BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) except one. Identify it.
Answer: (3) The greater the BOD of wastewater, less is its polluting potential.
Explanation: The greater the BOD, the more pollution potential the wastewater has, as it indicates a higher amount of organic matter to be decomposed.
#31. The concept of sustainable agriculture emphasizes
Answer: (1) minimizing the use of biopesticides.
Explanation: Sustainable agriculture focuses on maintaining soil health, biodiversity, and reducing harmful chemical inputs, including biopesticides.
#32. The first antibiotic was discovered accidentally by (a) while working on (b). The correct answer is:
Answer: (2) (a) – Fleming; (b) – Penicillium notatum
Explanation: Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, the first antibiotic, by chance while working with Penicillium notatum.
#33. Which of the following is false?
Answer: (3) Synthetic fertilizers do not cause pollution
Explanation: Synthetic fertilizers can lead to pollution, such as eutrophication in water bodies, which is an environmental concern.
#34. Biofertilizers are organisms that:
Answer: (2) Enrich the nutrient quality of soil
Explanation: Biofertilizers improve the soil’s nutrient content naturally, reducing reliance on chemical fertilizers.
#35. Fungi form symbiotic associations with plants, known as mycorrhiza. Which genus of fungi is commonly involved in this association and what nutrient does it help absorb for plants?
Answer: (4) Glomus; phosphorus
Explanation: The genus Glomus is commonly involved in the formation of mycorrhizae and helps plants absorb phosphorus from the soil.
#36. Which is not a character of good antibiotic?
Answer: (2) Destroy microflora of alimentary canal of host
Explanation: A good antibiotic should not harm the beneficial microflora of the host, which helps in digestion and other bodily functions
#37. The drugs commonly administered before and after organ transplants are-
Answer: (2) Immunosuppressants.
Explanation: Immunosuppressants are used to prevent the immune system from rejecting transplanted organs.
#38. Given below are three statements (a) – (c) each with one or more blanks. Select the option which correctly fills the blanks in the statements. Statements: (a) ______ a traditional drink of some parts of South India is made by fermenting sap from palms. (b) Citric acid is obtained through the fermentation carried out by _____ and _____ on sugary syrups. (c) In ______, the fungus forms a mantle on the surface of the roots.
Answer: (1) (a) – Toddy; (b) – Aspergillus niger, Mucor; (c) – ectomycorrhiza
Explanation: Toddy is a traditional drink made from palm sap. Aspergillus niger and Mucor are used in citric acid production, and ectomycorrhiza is a type of mycorrhiza where the fungus forms a mantle around the plant roots.
#39. Different varieties of cheese are typically identified by their: (a) Texture (b) Flavor (c) Taste (d) Source Which combination of factors best describes how cheese varieties are known?
Answer: (3) (a), (b), and (c)
Explanation: The distinct textures, flavors, and tastes of cheese define its variety. The source of cheese is also important, but not as crucial in this context.
#40. Which of the following is false regarding the functions of mycorrhiza?
Answer: (1) More susceptibility to diseases
Explanation: Mycorrhizae generally provide resistance to diseases, rather than increasing susceptibility.
#41. Cyclosporin A, a drug used to prevent organ transplant rejection, is produced by the fungus:
Answer: (1) Trichoderma polysporum.
Explanation: Cyclosporin A is produced by Trichoderma polysporum and is an important immunosuppressive drug used to prevent rejection after organ transplants.
#42. The remaining major part of activated sludge is pumped into large tanks called ________.
Answer: (4) anaerobic sludge digesters
Explanation: In anaerobic sludge digesters, the remaining organic matter in activated sludge is decomposed without oxygen.
#43. What are flocs?
Answer: (4) Masses of aerobic bacteria associated with fungal filaments
Explanation: Flocs are aggregates of bacteria, often with fungal filaments, that help in wastewater treatment by breaking down organic matter.
#44. Identify the incorrect statement. (a) Bacillus thuringiensis are available in sachets as dried spores which are mixed with kerosene and sprayed onto vulnerable plants. (b) B. thuringiensis are used to control butterfly caterpillars, but leave other insects unharmed. (c) The toxin of B. thuringiensis is released in the blood of larvae and the larvae get killed. (d) By the development of methods of genetic engineering B. thuringiensis toxin genes have been introduced into plants.
Answer: (3) (a) and (c)
Explanation: While Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins are used to control certain pests, they do not release toxins into the blood of larvae but affect the gut. Additionally, they are not typically mixed with kerosene for spraying.
#45. Mycorrhizal associations are formed by fungi and plants. The genus ________ is commonly involved in forming these associations, and it absorbs ________ from the soil and transfers it to the plant.
Answer: (4) Glomus; phosphorus
Explanation: The genus Glomus is well-known for forming mycorrhizal associations, where it helps plants by absorbing phosphorus from the soil and transferring it to the plants.
#46. The concept of sustainable agriculture focuses on:
Answer: (1) Minimizing biopesticides
Explanation: Sustainable agriculture seeks to balance pest control with minimal environmental impact, reducing dependency on synthetic chemicals.
#47. Commercial fruit juices are clearer than homemade ones. Which enzyme is typically added to commercially available fruit juices?
Answer: (3) Pectinase and Protease
Explanation: Pectinase helps break down pectin, making juices clearer, while protease breaks down proteins that could cloud the juice.
#48. Pro-life chemicals with reference to human beings:
Answer: (4) can kill or retard the growth of disease-causing microbes.
Explanation: Pro-life chemicals are those that help prevent or control diseases by inhibiting harmful microbes.
#49. Which microbe produces butyric acid?
Answer: (2) Clostridium butylicum
Explanation: Clostridium butylicum is known for producing butyric acid during its metabolic processes.
#50. Which of the following sets includes bacterial diseases?
Answer: (2) Diphtheria, leprosy, plague
Explanation: Diphtheria, leprosy, and plague are all bacterial infections, while the other options contain viral infections.